Canada spousal sponsorship basics
Who can sponsor a partner
A Canadian citizen or permanent resident can generally sponsor a spouse, common-law partner or conjugal partner for permanent residence. The sponsor must meet eligibility rules — for example, not being in certain disqualifying situations — and agrees to support the partner financially for a set period after they land.
Inland vs outland applications
'Inland' sponsorship is for couples living together in Canada, where the partner may be able to apply for an open work permit while the application is processed. 'Outland' is processed through a visa office and is often used when the partner is abroad, though couples can sometimes choose based on their situation. Each has trade-offs in timing and travel.
Proving a genuine relationship
As with many countries, the core is showing the relationship is genuine and not primarily for immigration. Evidence includes your relationship history, cohabitation or communication records, joint finances or commitments, photos over time, and statements from people who know you as a couple.
The sponsor's undertaking
The sponsor signs an undertaking to be financially responsible for the partner for a defined period, meaning the partner should not need to rely on social assistance. This obligation generally continues even if the relationship later breaks down, so it is a serious commitment to understand up front.
Common questions
- Can I sponsor a partner I'm not married to?
- Often yes — common-law partners (who have lived together for the required period) and, in limited cases, conjugal partners may qualify, not only married spouses.
- Can my partner work while we wait?
- In inland cases, an open work permit may be available while the application is processed. Confirm current options on the IRCC website.
- How long does the sponsor's financial obligation last?
- The undertaking lasts for a defined period set by the rules and generally continues even if you separate. Check the current length before you commit.
Inland or outland changes the picture. Tell the assistant where you both live for a plain-language starting point.
This guide is general information about Canadian spousal sponsorship and is not immigration advice. Rules and processing change; confirm current requirements on the IRCC website (canada.ca) or with a Regulated Canadian Immigration Consultant or lawyer.